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The Nisko Plan,〔(Google Books search results for the "Nisko plan" )〕 also, the Lublin Plan,〔(Google Books search results for the "Lublin plan". )〕 or the Nisko-Lublin Plan〔Livia Rothkirchen, ''The Jews of Bohemia and Moravia: Facing the Holocaust'', University of Nebraska Press, 2005〕 ((ドイツ語:Nisko und Lublin Plan)),〔Israel Gutman, Peter Longerich, Julius H. Shoeps, ''Enzyklopädie des Holocaust: die Verfolgung und Ermordung der europäischen Juden'', Piper, 1995, p.409, ISBN 3-87024-300-7〕 was developed in September 1939 by the Nazi Schutzstaffel (SS) as the "territorial solution to the Jewish Question".〔Nicosia, Francis, Niewyk, Donald, ''The Columbia Guide to the Holocaust'', New York: Columbia University Press, 2000, p. 232.〕 In contrast to similar Nazi "Madagascar" and other plans (invented before World War II),〔Christopher R. Browning, ( ''The Path to Genocide: Essays on Launching the Final Solution.'' ) Cambridge University Press, 1995. ISBN 0521558786.〕 the Nisko Plan was devised after the invasion of Poland, and implemented between October 1939 and April 1940 by the Germans setting up the Lublin reservation〔(Google books returns 486 in "Lublin reservation" )〕 known also as the Nisko reservation〔(Google books returns 18 in "Nisko reservation" )〕 (''Lublin Reservat'',〔Google Book results with literature in English indicating the German phrase ("Lublin Reservat" ) used with no translation.〕 or ''Nisko Reservat''),〔Google Books listing of past 1994 publications which use the German phrase ("Nisko Reservat". )〕 a concentration camp complex in the ''Generalgouvernement''.〔Norman M. Naimark, (''Fires of hatred: ethnic cleansing in twentieth-century Europe'' ) Harvard University Press, 2001, pg. 71.〕 The plan and the ''reservation'' were named after the cities of Lublin and Nisko, which bordered the area, and would have become part of the complex after its envisioned though never realized enlargement. When the Nazis implemented the plan, they set up a variety of forced labour camps adjacent to the reservation, with the reservation supplying the camps with workforce. These were various camps of the ''Burggraben'' project, intended to solidify the Nazi-Soviet demarcation line, and the Lublin-Lipowa camp supplying the local SS units. The reservation idea was devised by Adolf Hitler with Nazi chief ideologist Alfred Rosenberg and ''Reichsführer-SS'' Heinrich Himmler, including active participation of ''SS-Obersturmbannführer'' and "architect of the Holocaust", Adolf Eichmann; as well as Hans Frank and Arthur Seyss-Inquart of the ''Generalgouvernement'' administration; and Heinrich Müller of the Gestapo. Odilo Globocnik, the former Gauleiter of Vienna, then SS and Police Leader of the Lublin district, implemented the plan and was in direct charge of both the ''reservation'' and the adjacent camps. In total, about 95,000 Jews were deported to the Lublin reservation. The main camp of the entire complex was set up in Belzec initially for the Jewish forced labor. In March 1942 it became the first Nazi extermination camp of Operation Reinhard, with permanent gas chambers arranged by Christian Wirth in fake shower rooms. Though the Burggraben camps were temporarily closed in late 1940, many of them were reactivated in 1941. Two other extermination camps, Sobibor and Majdanek, were later set up in the Lublin district also. The Lipowa camp became a subcamp of the latter in 1943. The Nisko Plan was abandoned for pragmatic reasons. == Background == The antisemitic regime in Nazi Germany intended to achieve a permanent solution to what they regarded as the "Jewish question". Before the "Final solution" was agreed upon during the Wannsee Conference of 20 January 1942, some top Nazis had envisioned a territorial solution of the "Jewish question". However, except for the Nisko Plan, none of the territorial solutions progressed beyond the planning stage. Instead, the Nazi Germans implemented the near complete extermination of the European Jews through the Holocaust. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Nisko Plan」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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